Moving to Latvia: Requirements, Costs, and Expat Guide

Latvia, with its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant cultural scene, is becoming an increasingly popular destination for expats looking for a new home.

Whether you’re drawn to the charming capital of Riga, the peaceful coastal towns, or the country’s beautiful natural surroundings, moving to Latvia offers an affordable and high-quality lifestyle.

In this guide you will learn about:

• Facts about Latvia
• Who can move to Latvia?
• How do I become a long-term resident of Latvia?
• Can I apply for Latvian citizenship after moving to Latvia?
• Does Latvia allow dual citizenship?
• Moving to Latvia from USA
• Moving to Latvia from UK
• Moving belongings to Latvia
• Moving to Latvia with pets
• Pros and cons of moving to Latvia
• Most popular areas in Latvia for expats

Facts About Latvia

Who can move to Latvia?

Latvia welcomes both EU and non-EU nationals, although the process varies. EU/EEA citizens benefit from simplified procedures, while non-EU citizens need to meet specific visa requirements.

How can I move to Latvia as an EU citizen?

Citizens of the European Union enjoy freedom of movement and can live, work, or study in Latvia without a visa. If you plan to stay longer than 90 days, you must register your address with local authorities and apply for a residence certificate.

How can I move to Latvia as a non-EU citizen?

Non-EU nationals need a visa or residence permit to live in Latvia. The process depends on your purpose for moving:

Moving to Latvia to work

You’ll need a work visa, typically sponsored by your employer. The application requires a valid job offer, proof of qualifications, and financial stability.

Moving to Latvia to study

Students must obtain a study visa by providing proof of admission to a Latvian educational institution, financial means, and health insurance.

Moving to Latvia to retire

Retirees can apply for a residence permit if they demonstrate sufficient funds and health insurance coverage.

Moving to Latvia for family reunification

Spouses, children, and dependents of Latvian residents or citizens may apply for a family visa.

Latvia Golden Visa

The Latvia Golden Visa offers foreign citizens a way to obtain residency in Latvia through investment into the country. The options for investment include:

• Real estate: €250,000
• Business investment: €50,000 (less than 50 employees) OR €100,000 (more than 50 employees)
• Government bonds: €250,000
• Bank deposit: €280,000

If you want to obtain permanent residency in Latvia, you can do so after five years of living in the country. But you must have spent the majority of the time in Latvia. After an additional five years in the country (total of ten years), you can obtain Latvian citizenship and obtain a Latvian passport.

How do I become a long-term resident of Latvia?

To become a long-term resident in Latvia, you must live in the country continuously for five years with a valid residence permit from Citizenship and Migration Affairs. This status provides additional rights, such as easier travel within the EU and Schengen Area.

Can I apply for Latvian citizenship after moving to Latvia?

Yes, after living in Latvia for ten years, including five years as a permanent resident, you may apply for Latvian citizenship. Applicants must pass a language and history test.

Does Latvia allow dual citizenship?

Latvia permits dual citizenship under certain conditions, such as for citizens of EU, NATO, or EFTA countries. However, it’s essential to check your home country’s policies.

Moving to Latvia from USA

For US citizens, moving to Latvia involves obtaining the appropriate visa or residence permit. Key considerations include:

• Visa requirements: US citizens need a long-term visa or residence permit for stays exceeding 90 days. Options include work, study, family reunification permits, and the Latvia Golden Visa.
• Cultural differences: Latvia’s formal communication style and quieter demeanor may contrast with US norms.
• Cost of living: Latvia is significantly more affordable than the US, with lower housing, healthcare, and transportation costs.
• Language barrier: While English is widely spoken in cities like Riga, learning basic Latvian can ease integration.

Moving to Latvia from UK

Post-Brexit, UK citizens must meet non-EU visa requirements to move to Latvia. Here’s what you should know:

• Visa process: A residence permit is required for stays longer than 90 days. Common visa types include work and family reunification permits.
• Healthcare: UK citizens should secure private health insurance, as access to Latvian public healthcare requires residency.
• Cost of living: Latvia offers a lower cost of living compared to the UK, especially in housing and daily expenses.
• Cultural adaption: Latvia’s slower pace and focus on tradition might require some adjustment for UK nationals accustomed to a busier lifestyle.

Moving Belongings to Latvia

Moving your belongings to Latvia is straightforward. EU citizens face no customs duties. Non-EU citizens, like those moving to Latvia from UK, may need to declare goods and pay duties depending on their value. Hiring an international moving company can ease the process.

Moving to Latvia with Pets

Latvia welcomes pets, provided they meet entry requirements, including:

• Microchipping for identification
• Up-to-date rabies vaccinations
• An EU pet passport or veterinary certificate

Latvian Government regulations on transporting pets to the country may be extensive depending on the type of animal you wish to travel with.

Working with a licensed pet transport company is highly recommended to ensure you have everything required.

Pros and Cons of Moving to Latvia

Pros of moving to Latvia

• Low cost of living compared to Western Europe: The cost of living in Latvia is affordable, especially when compared to many other European countries. Housing, groceries, and transportation are significantly cheaper, making it an attractive destination for expats, retirees, and remote workers seeking to maximize their income.
• Beautiful natural landscapes: Latvia is a haven for nature lovers, boasting pristine forests, serene lakes, and a long, unspoiled Baltic coastline. The country’s national parks, such as Gauja National Park, are perfect for hiking, cycling, and other outdoor activities.
• High-quality healthcare and education: Healthcare in Latvia is modern and accessible, with both public and private options available. The country also emphasizes education, with many universities offering programs in English.
• Growing expat community: Latvia is becoming increasingly popular among expats, with a growing international community in cities like Riga. This makes it easier for newcomers to integrate, find support networks, and participate in cultural exchange. Regular expat meetups and events foster a sense of belonging, helping people feel at home.

Cons of Moving to Latvia

• Harsh winters: Latvia’s winters can be long and challenging, with temperatures often dropping below freezing. The short days and heavy snowfall may be difficult for those unaccustomed to such conditions. Proper preparation and warm clothing are essential to navigate the colder months comfortably.
• Limited job opportunities in some sectors: While Latvia’s economy is growing, certain industries may have limited job opportunities, particularly for non-Latvian speakers. Expats might find it challenging to secure employment in fields like finance or law unless they possess niche skills or are fluent in Latvian or Russian.
• Latvian language can be challenging to learn: The Latvian language is unique and may pose a learning curve for newcomers. Although English is widely spoken in urban areas and among younger generations, integrating fully into the local culture often requires some proficiency in Latvian.

Most Popular Areas in Latvia for Expats

Riga

The capital city of Latvia is a dynamic hub that seamlessly blends modernity with history. Its well-preserved Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is filled with cobblestone streets, Gothic spires, and Art Nouveau architecture.

Riga also offers a vibrant cultural scene, including theaters, museums, and festivals, along with modern shopping centers, trendy cafes, and a bustling nightlife. The city’s infrastructure and amenities make it a top choice for expats and locals alike.

Jūrmala

Located just 25 kilometers from Riga, Jūrmala is Latvia’s premier seaside resort town. Known for its sandy beaches along the Baltic Sea, Jūrmala is a haven for relaxation and wellness.

The town is famous for its spa resorts, mineral-rich mud treatments, and charming wooden architecture. Its laid-back atmosphere and proximity to nature make it an ideal destination for those seeking a slower pace of life without sacrificing access to urban conveniences.

Cēsis

Cēsis is a picturesque town located in the heart of Latvia and is celebrated for its rich history and cultural heritage. The town’s centerpiece is the medieval Cēsis Castle, which offers a glimpse into Latvia’s past.

Surrounded by rolling hills and forests, Cēsis is also a gateway to the Gauja National Park, making it a favorite for outdoor enthusiasts. Its quaint streets, local artisan shops, and community-focused atmosphere provide a perfect blend of charm and tranquility.

Frequently Asked Questions About Moving to Latvia

Is Latvia a good country to move to?

Yes, Latvia is an excellent choice for those seeking a high quality of life, affordable living costs, and access to beautiful natural landscapes. It also offers a rich cultural heritage and a strategic location within the EU.

What are the requirements for moving to Latvia?

Requirements vary based on your nationality and reason for moving. Generally, you need a valid passport, proof of income, a health insurance policy, and, in some cases, a visa or Latvian residence permit. EU/EEA citizens have fewer requirements compared to non-EU citizens.

How much does it cost to move to Latvia?

The cost depends on your current location and lifestyle. Typical expenses include travel costs, visa/residence permit fees (around €100–€200), and shipping costs for personal belongings. Renting an apartment in advance may require a deposit.

What is the cost of living in Latvia?

The cost of living in Latvia is relatively low compared to many Western European countries. Monthly expenses for a single person can range between €700–€1,200, including rent, utilities, groceries, and transportation.

What is healthcare like in Latvia?

Latvia offers a public healthcare system, but it is often considered underfunded and has long waiting times. Many expats prefer private healthcare, which provides faster and higher-quality services at affordable prices compared to Western standards.

Can I buy property in Latvia as a foreigner?

Yes, foreigners can buy property in Latvia without significant restrictions. However, buying property in Latvia does not automatically grant you a residence permit.

What is the process for obtaining a residence permit in Latvia?

The process involves submitting an application to the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs (OCMA) with necessary documents, such as proof of accommodation, income, and health insurance. Processing time typically takes 30–90 days.

How easy is it to find a job in Latvia as a foreigner?

Finding a job can be challenging unless you have specialized skills or work in a high-demand sector like IT or engineering. Proficiency in English and Latvian can significantly improve job prospects.

What is the quality of education in Latvia?

Education in Latvia is of good quality, with universities offering programs recognized across the EU. Several institutions provide courses in English, catering to international students and expats.

Can foreigners access English-speaking schools in Latvia?

Yes, there are several international and English-speaking schools in Latvia, particularly for those moving to Riga, Latvia. These schools follow international curricula, such as the IB (International Baccalaureate) or British standards.

Is Latvia a safe place to live?

Latvia is generally a safe country with low crime rates. However, like any place, it is advisable to take standard precautions, especially in urban areas and tourist hotspots.

What are the best cities to live in Latvia for expats?

Riga, the capital, is the most popular choice due to its vibrant culture, job opportunities, and international schools. Other cities like Jurmala (for seaside living) and Liepaja (a quieter, artistic vibe) are also attractive to expats.

Do UK citizens need a visa to move to Latvia?

UK citizens need a visa or residence permit to stay in Latvia for more than 90 days within a 180-day period. Short visits of up to 90 days do not require a visa.

How long can UK citizens stay in Latvia without a residence permit?

UK citizens can stay in Latvia visa-free for up to 90 days within a 180-day period. For longer stays, a residence permit is required.

Can UK pensioners retire in Latvia?

Yes, UK pensioners can retire in Latvia. They need to apply for a residence permit and show proof of sufficient income, health insurance, and accommodation. Latvia’s low living costs and peaceful environment make it an appealing choice for retirees.

Do US citizens need a visa to move to Latvia?

US citizens do not need a visa for stays of up to 90 days within a 180-day period. For longer stays, such as for work, study, or retirement, a residence permit is required.

How long can US citizens stay in Latvia without a residence permit?

US citizens can stay in Latvia for up to 90 days within a 180-day period without a residence permit. For extended stays, they must apply for the appropriate visa or permit.

Can Americans find English-speaking jobs in Latvia?

Yes, Americans moving to Latvia from USA can find English-speaking jobs in sectors such as IT, customer service, and teaching. Networking and using job boards tailored to expats can help identify opportunities.