Europe is known for its high quality, easy access, and innovation, making it a world leader in healthcare. A country’s GDP is a huge indicator of its stability, and many European countries spend a significant part of their GDP on healthcare. Countries like Switzerland, France, and Germany spend over 10% of their GDP on healthcare, ensuring strong medical services for both residents and expats.
Therefore, Europe’s healthcare is among the best because it focuses on patient care, uses advanced technology, and emphasizes prevention. It also provides excellent public and private healthcare options for both residents and expats.
In this article, we will look at the best healthcare in Europe, how private and public healthcare systems work across the continent and explore European countries with the best healthcare for residents and expats.
This is more of what we will cover:
Why is the best healthcare in Europe?
Europe has some of the best healthcare because it provides affordable public healthcare, great private options and universal access for residents and expats. The continent is known for having some of the world’s best healthcare systems with countries like Switzerland, France, and Germany often ranking highly in reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) due to their strong healthcare systems, advanced technology, and high-quality patient care.
The European Union’s healthcare market is worth over EUR 1 trillion, with cross-border services contributing around EUR 10 billion. In the future, low-cost medical care in Europe could become 40-80% cheaper, improving accessibility for many people.
Europe is also embracing innovation, with advances in diagnostic technologies and MedTech. The market for point-of-care diagnostics is expected to reach $12.98 billion by 2030, showing Europe’s commitment to improving healthcare through new technologies and that healthcare will only get better with time.
Private vs Public Healthcare in Europe
Public healthcare is funded through taxes or social health insurance, providing universal coverage and subsidized services for all residents. While it ensures access to essential care, it can lead to longer waiting times and limited provider options.
On the other hand, private healthcare, funded by insurance or direct payments, offers faster, more specialized care with more choices. However, it can be expensive and may be out of reach for lower-income individuals.
Key differences between public and private healthcare
Aspect | Public Healthcare | Private Healthcare |
Funding | Tax-based or social insurance | Private insurance or out-of-pocket payments |
Cost | Low or free at point of care | High, often paid through private insurance |
Coverage | Basic healthcare services | Comprehensive, including elective procedures |
Access | Universal access for residents | Access based on financial capacity |
Wait Times | Longer for non-urgent care | Shorter wait times for most treatments |
Quality of Facilities | Standard, functional services | High-end facilities with advanced technology |
15 European Countries with the Best Healthcare
These countries have excellent healthcare systems and are leaders in medical research, particularly for treatments in various fields like cancer, Alzheimer’s, and more. They are also some of the best European countries for expats, offering affordable, high-quality healthcare with easy visa options. They are also some of the highest-ranking nations on the Quality of Life Index, which ranks countries based on factors like healthcare, living costs, and personal freedoms.
1. Sweden
1. Sweden- GDP: $635 billion
- Healthcare Spending: Sweden allocates approximately 10.9% of its GDP
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 1
Sweden has a GDP of $635 billion, with 10.9% spent on healthcare, reflecting its strong and innovative system. Sweden’s universal healthcare, funded by taxes, provides high-quality and affordable care to all residents, including expats with work or family visas. Public healthcare costs are low, with patients paying around $10 to $30 per visit and a yearly cap on out-of-pocket expenses. Private health insurance is also available, costing $300 to $600 annually, offering faster access to specialists. Sweden leads in medical innovation, excelling in cancer research, digital health, and telemedicine, which improves patient outcomes and accessibility.
2. Finland
2. Finland- GDP: $312 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 9.5% of GDP is directed toward healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 2
Finland’s healthcare system provides universal coverage, funded primarily through taxes. Residents benefit from free access to most healthcare services, including hospital and specialist care, but there may be small out-of-pocket costs, such as for prescriptions or certain medical services. The average cost of outpatient care for those without insurance can vary, but Finland’s emphasis on preventive healthcare helps reduce medical expenses.
Medical care in Finland is affordable for residents, with high-quality services available at relatively low costs compared to many other Western nations. Finland is particularly well known for its advancements in medical fields like oncology, neurology, and medical research, especially in areas like cancer treatment and brain health.
3. Denmark
3. Denmark- GDP: $406 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 11% of GDP goes to healthcare.
- Quality of Life index ranking: 4
Denmark has one of the most stable economies with a GDP of $406 billion. A big 11% of it goes to healthcare, one of the highest allocations in Europe. Its tax-funded universal healthcare system is among the most efficient in the world, providing free services to residents. The majority of medical care, including hospital stays, doctor visits, and surgeries, is free for residents. However, there may be minimal fees for prescription medications and certain treatments.
Private health insurance is available for faster access to certain services but premiums average around $200 to $400 annually. Denmark is also known for its innovations in medical fields such as biotechnology, pediatrics, and cardiology, with leading research in areas like heart disease and child health.
4. United Kingdom
4. United Kingdom- GDP: $3.2 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 10.2% of GDP is dedicated to healthcare.
- Quality of Life index ranking: 9
The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) provides free healthcare to all residents, funded through taxes. This includes doctor’s visits, hospital stays, and most treatments. However, there are small charges for services like prescriptions and dental care around $10–$30 per prescription.
For those looking for faster access to healthcare or specialized treatments, private healthcare is available at a higher cost, ranging from $500 to $1,500 annually, but public healthcare ensures that most medical costs are very low for residents. The UK is particularly well-known for its leadership in medical fields such as oncology, neurology, and mental health, with cutting-edge research and treatments in these areas.
5. Portugal
5. Portugal- GDP: $270 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 9.6% of GDP is spent on healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 6
Portugal has a universal healthcare system that is largely publicly funded, with most services provided by the Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS). Residents pay minimal fees for most healthcare services, such as doctor’s visits and hospital stays, ranging from $5 to $30 per visit. Private health insurance is common for those who want quicker service, with premiums costing around $400 to $800 annually. The SNS plays a crucial role in ensuring widespread access to quality healthcare, with significant contributions in areas like cardiology, pediatrics, and elderly care. Expats can access Portugal healthcare system through the Portugal Golden Visa or the Portugal D7 Visa.
To find out more about the Portugal Golden Visa
6. Germany
6. Germany- GDP: $4.8 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 11.7% of GDP ensures a strong dual public-private healthcare system.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 3
Germany’s healthcare system combines public and private insurance options. For those covered by public insurance, healthcare costs are relatively low, with most medical treatments, including hospital care and doctor visits, covered. There are small out-of-pocket costs for prescriptions and certain treatments, costing about $5 to $15. Private insurance offers more extensive services but comes at a higher cost, with premiums averaging $1,200 to $3,000 annually depending on the plan.
Germany is renowned for its innovations in medical technology, particularly in fields such as cardiology, orthopedics, and diagnostics. The country is also a global leader in biomedical research and healthcare innovation, driving advancements in precision medicine and healthcare robotics.
7. France
7. France- GDP: $3.1 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 11.2% of GDP is allocated to healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 19
France has a well-regarded healthcare system, with medical costs covered by a combination of public health insurance and supplemental private insurance. Residents pay a small percentage of healthcare costs, around 20%, although these can be reimbursed by supplementary insurance.
For example, a standard doctor’s visit may cost $25 to $50, with the patient paying a small co-payment. For those without insurance, the cost of medical care can be higher, but France’s healthcare remains relatively affordable compared to many other countries. France is also renowned for its expertise in medical fields like oncology, geriatrics, and surgical innovation. The country is a leader in developing advanced treatments and healthcare technologies, in the fields of cancer research and cardiovascular care.
8. Netherlands
8. Netherlands- GDP: $1.1 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 10.7% of GDP funds healthcare services.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 7
The Netherlands has a mixed healthcare system, with universal coverage funded by mandatory health insurance. It is also another European country that allocates a big portion of its GDP to healthcare. Residents pay a monthly premium, usually around $120 to $150, and most medical services, such as doctor visits and hospital stays, are covered. There are additional costs for prescriptions and specialized care. However, the Netherlands is known for its innovations in medical fields like neurology, medical imaging, and organ transplantation. The country is known for its research and advancements in treating conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes.
9. Austria
9. Austria- GDP: $498 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 10.4% of GDP goes toward healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 13
Austria’s healthcare system is universal and publicly funded, with residents paying small co-payments for services like doctor visits and hospital stays, between $10 and $20. Private insurance offers faster access to additional services but comes at a higher cost, with premiums ranging from $500 to $1,500 annually. Austria is known for its excellence in fields such as cardiology, orthopedics, and cancer treatment, along with its strong focus on healthcare accessibility and quality for all residents.
10. Ireland
10. Ireland- GDP: $531 billion
- Healthcare Spending: Around 7.6% of GDP is spent on healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 11
Ireland offers universal healthcare, but public services often come with long waiting times. Emergency treatment is free, but doctor visits cost $50–$100, and there are additional fees for prescriptions. Many residents choose private health insurance to reduce waiting times and cover extra services, with premiums ranging from $1,000 to $2,500 annually. Despite this, Ireland is known for advancements in fields like genetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical research, providing high-quality healthcare services for those with access to both public and private options.
11. Switzerland
11. Switzerland- GDP: $807 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 12.1% of GDP ensures world-class healthcare services.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 46
Switzerland has one of the most expensive healthcare systems in Europe. All residents are required to have private health insurance, which covers most healthcare costs. Premiums range from $300 to $1,000 per month, depending on coverage. Medical care, including doctor visits, hospital stays, and surgeries, is of the highest quality but can be costly without comprehensive insurance. A doctor’s consultation may cost $100–$200. Nonetheless, Switzerland is renowned for its medical innovation in fields like cardiology, oncology, and advanced medical technology, though the costs are higher than in many other European countries.
12 . Spain
12 . Spain- GDP: $1.6 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 9.1% of GDP supports its universal healthcare system.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 5
Spain offers universal healthcare, with most services funded by taxes. Public healthcare is affordable, with small out-of-pocket costs for doctor visits around $10–$20. Hospital care is mostly free, though there can be minor charges for certain treatments. Private health insurance is also available for those who prioritize faster service or additional care, with premiums can add up to $50 to $200 per month. Spain is known for its high-quality medical care, particularly in areas like geriatric care, oncology, and preventative health. Expats on the Spain Golden Visa can easily register for public healthcare after obtaining residency.
13. Italy
13. Italy- GDP: $2.1 trillion
- Healthcare Spending: 8.8% of GDP funds its equitable public healthcare system.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 27
Italy provides universal healthcare, funded through taxes. Most services are free or come with a small co-payment, such as $20–$30 for doctor visits. Hospital care is generally free for those covered by the national system. Still private health insurance is available for quicker service, but residents can expect to pay about $500–$1,000 annually. However, Italy is known for its advancements in medical research, in the fields of oncology, cardiology, and regenerative medicine. Expats with the Italy Golden Visa can join the healthcare system, which will make their experience in the country even better.
14. Norway
14. Norway- GDP: $550 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 10.5% of GDP is directed to healthcare.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 8
Norway’s healthcare system is publicly funded, with minimal fees for most services. A typical doctor’s visit costs around $20, while hospital care is often free or involves a small co-payment. Although private health insurance is available for faster service, it is not common, as the public system offers high-quality, timely care. Additionally, Norway is known for its advanced medical research and technology, in fields like cancer treatment, cardiology, and neurological care. The country is also known for its medical innovation, in the areas of advanced imaging technology, and the development of treatments for cardiovascular diseases and rare genetic disorders.
15. Belgium
15. Belgium- GDP: $586 billion
- Healthcare Spending: 10.4% of GDP ensures comprehensive services.
- Quality of Life Index ranking: 25
Belgium provides universal healthcare, with most medical services covered by public insurance. There are small co-payments for doctor visits and hospital care, adding up to only $20–$30. Prescription drugs may also incur some costs, but these are often subsidized. For those seeking faster care, private health insurance is available, with premiums averaging around $600 to $1,500 annually. Belgium is known for its high-quality healthcare services and excels in specialized fields such as orthopedics, oncology, and immunology.
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Frequently Asked Questioned about the Best Healthcare in Europe
Which countries in Europe have the best healthcare systems?
Switzerland, Germany, and France are often ranked the highest due to their efficient systems, quality care, and advanced medical technology.
How is healthcare funded in Europe?
Most European countries use a mix of public and private funding, with taxes and mandatory health insurance contributing significantly to universal healthcare systems.
Can expats access European healthcare?
Yes, expats with valid residency permits can access healthcare in many European countries, often through public systems or mandatory insurance schemes.
Why is Europe a leader in healthcare innovation?
Europe invests heavily in cutting-edge medical research, technology, and diagnostics, supported by companies like Siemens Healthineers and initiatives in AI and biotechnology.
Is European healthcare expensive?
Healthcare costs are relatively low for residents due to public funding. However, private care can be costly without insurance.
How do European healthcare systems prioritize prevention?
Many European systems focus on preventive care through regular screenings, vaccination programs, and public health initiatives aimed at reducing chronic diseases.
Are all European countries' healthcare systems the same?
No, there are variations. Nordic countries focus on accessibility, while countries like Switzerland emphasize private-public partnerships for high-quality care.
