NIE Spain: What It Is & Why You Need an NIE Number

The NIE Spain (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is a unique tax identification number given to non-Spanish individuals.

The Spanish NIE number serves foreign nationals an identification with Spanish authorities and is necessary for a number of legal actions, such as opening a bank account, purchasing real estate, starting a business, and submitting taxes.

This guide will cover everything you need to know about obtaining a Spanish NIE number – such as, what is the NIE number, the application process for resident and non-residents, and documentation required.

In this guide you’ll learn:

What Is an NIE Number in Spain
Types of NIE Numbers
How to Get an NIE in Spain

What is an NIE Number in Spain?

The NIE, or Foreigner Identity Number, is a unique and exclusive sequential number assigned to non-Spanish citizens. It serves as an identification number for tax purposes and is essential for any economic, professional, or social activities in Spain.

What is the NIE used for?

Possessing an NIE is mandatory for various activities in Spain, including:

Purchasing Property: An NIE is required to buy real estate in Spain.
Employment: Both EU and non-EU citizens need an NIE to gain an employment contract in Spain.
Financial Transactions: Opening a bank account, obtaining a loan, or engaging in other financial activities necessitates an NIE.
Tax Obligations: The NIE is used to track tax payments and is required for filing taxes.
Social Security and Healthcare: Registering for social security benefits and accessing public healthcare services require an NIE.
Conduct business or investments: Required for setting up a business, buying shares, or registering a company.
Inherit assets in Spain: Needed to pay inheritance tax and complete legal procedures.

Types of NIE numbers

In Spain, there are two main types of NIE:

NIE number, a number written on a white piece of paper
NIE card, a resident green card required for stays exceeding three months

Resident vs. Non-Resident NIE Spain

Feature	Resident NIE	Non-Resident NIE
Purpose	Residency and identification	Tax and financial transactions
Who Needs It?	Foreign nationals living in Spain	Foreigners conducting legal or financial activities in Spain without living there
Application Process	Police station, Oficina de Extranjeros, or Spanish consulate	Police station, Spanish consulate, or via a representative
Required for Residency?	Yes, required for obtaining a residence permit	No, does not grant residency
Validity	Permanent (but linked to residency status)	Remains valid but only active for specific transactions
Examples of Use	Employment, social security, healthcare, renting, voting	Buying property, paying taxes, business investments, inheritance

Read our Golden Visa Spain Guide

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How to Get an NIE in Spain: Step-by-Step Guide

1. Make an Appointment:

Online: To make an appointment for an NIE application, go to the Spanish Ministry of Interior website and follow the directions.

If outside Spain: Contact the Spanish diplomatic mission or consular office for your area and arrange an appointment according to their procedures.

2. Collect the necessary paperwork:

Passport: Original passport and photocopies of the main identification pages.

Completed Application Form (EX-15): Download, complete, and sign the EX-15 application form in duplicate (only available in Spanish).

Proof of Purpose: Evidence showing why you need an NIE (e.g., property purchase contract, job offer, or investment documentation).

Proof of Payment: Pay the NIE processing fee (Modelo 790) at a bank and keep the proof.

Two passport-sized photos Non-EU citizens: Carry your landing card, visa, or any other evidence that verifies their legal entry into Spain.

3. Attend Your Appointment:

Present all the required documents in person at the scheduled appointment at a local police station or extranjería office. The physical presence of the applicant or of their representative is mandatory in every case.

4. Obtain Your NIE:

After submitting your application and documents, you will receive your NIE number. The NIE is a number, not a physical card, and is tied to your residency in Spain.

NIE Spain online: Can you apply remotely?

There is no full online application process, however, you can apply remotely using the Spanish Embasy in your country or by allowing a legal representative in Spain to act on your behalf.

*Note: Even if you are not currently living in Spain, some embassies or consulates could still require you to have a Spanish address.

How long does it take to get an NIE in Spain?

The NIE is typically issued in two weeks, however, circumstances outside the administration’s control may cause this time to be prolonged.

The applicant receives the NIE by email. As a result, the application form has to include an email address for notification purposes.

NIE Number Spain Cost and Fees

General Cost: The first government application charge for an NIE number is approximately €11, however it may go as high as €15.
Payment Method: You must use NIE Form 790 to pay the fee at a bank.

Extra Expenses:

Notary Fees: You should budget between €150 and €300 if you require a notary to witness and sign your documents.
Representation Fees: There may be extra charges to hire a representative.
Legalisation Fees: There may be extra charges for some services.

Renewing or Replacing Your NIE Card Spain

To renew or replace your NIE card, you must make an appointment at the National Police Station, get the necessary paperwork ready, such as your passport, EX-15 form, proof of income, and payment for the fee, and adhere to local protocols.

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Frequently Asked Questions About NIE Spain

Can you get an NIE number without living in Spain?

Yes, non-residents can apply for an NIE from abroad through a Spanish consulate or by appointing a duly accredited representative in Spain.

What are the common issues when applying for NIE Spain online?

Common issues include appointment availability, website errors, incorrectly completed forms, and missing documentation required for the application.

Is there a difference between NIE and TIE in Spain?

Yes, the NIE is just an identification number, while the TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) is a physical residence permit for non-Spanish citizens.

Can I work in Spain with just an NIE number?

No, you also need a residence permit or TIE card if you are a non-EU citizen. EU citizens need an NIE and registration certificate.

Do I need an NIE for a short stay?

Not usually. If you’re just visiting Spain as a tourist, an NIE is not required. However, if you plan to buy property or conduct financial activities, you will need one.